The Effect of Combined Exercises and Grape Seed Extract on Some Factors of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant in Postmenopausal Women with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Zoliekha  Rahim; Saeid Shamlou  Kazemi; Ali Hemati  Afif

doi:10.18502/ijdl.v25i4.20239

Zoliekha Rahim Faculty of human sciences, Danesh Alborz University, Qazvin, Iran
Saeid Shamlou Kazemi Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
Ali Hemati Afif Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, International Imam Khomeini University, Qazvin, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijdl.v25i4.20239

Keywords: Combined training, Grape seed extract, Antioxidant Factors, Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Background: Moderate and intense aerobic exercise increases the production of free radicals, and on the other hand,the use of antioxidant supplements such as grape seed extract (GSE) has been suggested as one of the ways to dealwith oxidative stress. Based on this, the aim of this study was to determine the interventions effect of combinedexercise and consumption of GSE on some factors of oxidative and antioxidant stress in postmenopausal women withtype 2 diabetes.

Methods: The current study was conducted as a clinical trial on the 80 women with type 2 diabetes, who wererandomly divided into four groups (20 people): control, exercise, GSE supplement, exercise + GSE supplement. Thecombined exercise protocol consisted of aerobic (20 minutes of treadmill running at an intensity of 60–70% of reserveheart rate) and strength training (at an intensity of 70% of one repetition maximum), which was performed for eightweeks (five days/week). GSE supplement was taken in the form of 200 mg capsules daily (morning and noon).Samples (five cc) were taken before and after eight weeks of interventions. In order to determine the acceptance orrejection of the null hypothesis of intragroup and intergroup changes, was used the two-way AVOVA, and thenTukey's post hoc test to determine different groups by SPSS version 25 (P≤ 0.05).

Results: The values of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and serum glutathione reduction (GSH) in the GSE andexercise + GSE groups increased significantly compared to the control and exercise groups (P= 0.001). Serummalondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the GSE group showed a significant decrease compared to the control and exercisegroups (P= 0.001).

Conclusion: It seems that the intervention of grape seed extract is more effective in reducing oxidative stress thancombined exercise. The consumption of this extract alone, as well as with combined exercise, has a significant effecton increasing the total antioxidant capacity and reducing GSH (glutathione).