Modulation of Oxidative Stress Through TNFα/SIRT1/NRF1 Signaling Pathway and Kidney Function by Aerobic Exercise with Different Slopes in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Mice

Zahra  Goli; Farzaneh  Taghian; Khosro Jalali  Dehkordi

doi:10.18502/ijdl.v25i2.20219

Zahra Goli Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
Farzaneh Taghian Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
Khosro Jalali Dehkordi Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijdl.v25i2.20219

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease (CKD), Oxidative stress, Non-inclined aerobic exercise, Aerobic exercise with incline, TNFα/SIRT1/NRF1 signaling pathway

Abstract

Background: The purpose of the research was to compare the effect of two types of aerobic exercise—with and without incline—on the modulation of oxidative stress and kidney function in chronic kidney disease (CKD) mice.

Methods: A total of 24 two-month-old female C57b16 mice weighing 25±26.1 grams, were randomly divided into four groups: healthy control, CKD-affected mice, CKD mice undergoing aerobic exercise without incline, and CKD mice undergoing aerobic exercise with incline. To induce CKD, they received adenine powder at a concentration of 0.2% mg/kg for four weeks. The training groups performed eight weeks of treadmill training (five sessions per week), whit one group exercising on a 20-degree incline and the other on a zero-degree incline. After the last training session, blood samples were collected to measure blood urea nitrogen, urea and glutathione concentration using the ELISA method. The expression levels of the SIRT1, NRF1 and TNF-α genes were measured using qPCR (Real-Time PCR) technique. For statistical analysis, a one-way ANOVA test and Tukey's post hoc test were employed, with a significance level set at P≤ 0.05.

Results: The results showed that the induction of CKD caused a significant increase in blood urea nitrogen and a significant decrease in glutathione concentration compared to the healthy control group (P< 0.05). Conversely, in the exercise groups, there was a significant increase in glutathione concentration and a significant decrease in blood urea nitrogen (P< 0.05). The expression level of SIRT1 and NRF1 in the slope training group increased significantly, while the expression level of TNF-α decreased significantly (P< 0.05).

Conclusion: Exercises performed on an incline moderates oxidative stress through the TNFα/SIRT1/NRF1 signaling pathway, improving glutathione concentration and blood urea nitrogen levels in mice with chronic kidney disease. Furthermore, the effects of incline exercise were found to be superior to those of exercise without incline.