An Update to the Current Passive Immunotherapeutic Approaches to COVID-19 Treatment

Sasan Ghaffari; Hanif Kazerooni; Amir  Salehi-Najafabadi

doi:10.18502/igj.v4i1.8385

Sasan Ghaffari Department of Science and Technology, Supreme National Defense University, Tehran, Iran
Hanif Kazerooni Department of Science and Technology, Supreme National Defense University, Tehran, Iran
Amir Salehi-Najafabadi Research Center for New Technologies in Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/igj.v4i1.8385

Keywords: Immunotherapy; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Adoptive Immunotherapy

Abstract

The newest member of the coronavirus family, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused a pandemic (after being endemic in Wuhan, China) and is threatening to the health of every person on the planet. Nearly 1.5 years after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide challenges, a gold-standard, highly effective anti-viral therapy is still undiscovered. The urgency of this pandemic has forced all scientists to tackle this problem using any logical mode of therapy. One such approach is modulating and manipulating the host’s immune response using immunotherapy against SARS-CoV-2 infection and its collateral complications. This review article aims to present an update on the immunopathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2, and how it, directly and indirectly, deteriorates the patients’ condition. The latest findings of preclinical and clinical trials using passive immunotherapy in the context of the COVID-19 are compiled as well.