Role of Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)

Mahdi Rafiyan; Hanieh Mojtahedi; Nima Rezaei

doi:10.18502/igj.v8i2.17998

Mahdi Rafiyan Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
Hanieh Mojtahedi Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
Nima Rezaei Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/igj.v8i2.17998

Keywords: Alzheimer’s Disease (AD); Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine; Neuroinflammation

Abstract

Neuroinflammation is a critical process in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) development in which different types of cells and cytokines are involved. Proinflammatory cytokine production and the disturbance of anti-in- flammatory pathways play critical roles in AD. Neuroinflammation is affected by various factors such as metabolism (metabolic diseases such as obesity), genetics, and immune cells especially resident immune cells in the brain. Moreover, main pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory pathways have different effects on neuroinflammation, neuronal biogenesis, and neuronal apoptosis in AD. Exploration of the rela- tionship between neuroinflammation, risk factors of neuroinflammation and pro-inflammatory cytokines in AD help us to understand AD pathogenesis and select therapeutic targets more efficiently.