Genetics of Aberrant Immune Responses During Tumor Progression Among Iranian Population

Iman Akhlaghipour; Matin Moloudian; Zahra  Basirat; Negin Taghehchian; Meisam Gachpazan; Meysam Moghbeli

doi:10.18502/igj.v5i1.14067

Iman Akhlaghipour Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Matin Moloudian Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Zahra Basirat Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Negin Taghehchian Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Meisam Gachpazan Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Meysam Moghbeli Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/igj.v5i1.14067

Keywords: Biomarker; Cancer; Diagnosis; Immune Response; Immunotherapy

Abstract

The immune system has a critical tumor suppressor function via the detection and elimination of the tumor cells. Tumor cells' immune escaping is commonly observed during neoplastic transformations. Immune response suppression or aberrations facilitate immune escape that promotes tumor progression in distant or primary locations via epithelial-mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis, respectively. It has been reported that there is a rising trend of cancer incidence among the Iranian population. Since aberrant immune responses are involved in tumorigenesis; immunotherapeutic methods can be efficient for tumor cell elimination. In the present review, we discussed all of the immune-related genes that have been associated with tumor progression among the Iranian population to clarify the genetics of immune deficiency during tumor progression in this population. T regulatory and T helper related genes were the most frequently deregulated genes during tumor progression in the Iranian population. This review paves the way to suggest an immune-specific panel of genetic markers for diagnostic and immunotherapeutic purposes among Iranian cancer patients.