Different Types of Environmental Stressors Could Have Disruptive or Constructive Effects on Vestibular Compensation

Sara Sardari; Majid  Asadi-Shekaari; Mohammad Khaksari; Iraj Aghaei; Fateme Delavari; Zohre Vaziri

doi:10.18502/avr.v31i1.8134

Sara Sardari Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Majid Asadi-Shekaari Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Mohammad Khaksari Department of Physiology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Iraj Aghaei Neuroscience Research Center, Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
Fateme Delavari Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Zohre Vaziri Centre de Recherche CERVO, Department de Psychiatrie et de Neurosciences, Universite Laval, Quebec, Canada

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/avr.v31i1.8134

Abstract

Background and Aim: Stress could play either helpful or harmful roles in vestibular compensation, the process of recovery after vestibular system lesions. Herein, we examined the effect of two stressor types on vestibular compensation: chronic anxiety disorder induced by early maternal separation (MS), and caloric restriction by an intermittent fasting (IF) diet.

Methods: Male Wistar rats (n=56) received maternal separation (the MS group), intermittent fasting (IF group), unilateral vestibular deafferentation (UVD group), or a mixture of these interventions (UVD+IF, UVD+MS, and UVD+IF+MS). All the groups were compared with control animals. The animals’ balance, motor coordination, anxiety, locomotor activity, and serum cortisol levels were evaluated by rotarod, open field, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods, respectively. The data were compared with those of the healthy control (HC) group.

Results: The UVD animals did not show a significant change in the time on the rod, except for the IF+UVD group (p=0.04). There was no significant difference between the experimental groups on the open field indices, except for the MS+IF+UVD group which traveled a significantly less total distance (p=0.02). Serum cortisol levels were significantly higher than HCs for all the groups except for the sham saline and IF+UVD group (p<0.05).

Conclusion: IF seems to promote compensation after UVD, while MS may disrupt it. However, IF loses its beneficial outcomes if the animal has received another source of stress, i.e. MS.