Temperament and its Impact on Noise Sensitivity, Hyperacusis and Noise Annoyance

Abstract

Background and Aim: Previous research has linked personality traits to noise perception, yet the role of temperament, a fundamental determinant of emotional and sensory processing, remains insufficiently explored. This study aimed to examine the impact of various temperament types on hyperacusis, noise sensitivity, and noise annoyance among industrial workers.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 320 participants aged 20–60, selected via strict criteria. Variables were assessed using validated questionnaires, including Mojahedi Temperament, Weinstein Noise Sensitivity, Noise Annoyance, and Khalfa Hyperacusis. Data were analyzed using SPSS, with descriptive statistics, correlation, ANOVA, and MANCOVA employed for relationships and group differences.

Results: The results indicated that Melancholic individuals exhibited the highest hyperacusis (mean=6.01), sensitivity (mean=7.37), and annoyance (mean=8.19), whereas phlegmatic individuals showed the lowest sensitivity (mean=2.82,) and annoyance (mean=3.16). The dryness-wetness temperament dimension correlated positively with hyperacusis (r=0.275, p<0.01) and annoyance (r=0.184, p<0.05), indicating greater noise reactivity in individuals with drier temperaments. The effect of temperament on hyperacusis (η²=0.11) was stronger than its impact on sensitivity (η²=0.03) and annoyance (η²=0.07).

Conclusion: In conclusion, this study highlights the significant role of temperament in shaping individuals’ responses to noise, with melancholic and choleric individuals exhibiting the highest levels of noise sensitivity and annoyance, and phlegmatic individuals reporting the lowest levels. These findings underscore the necessity of personalized noise mitigation strategies in occupational settings to protect worker health.