Investigation of the Frequency of Abdominal Contrast-Enhanced CT Scan Findings in Multiple Trauma Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department of Khatam-al-Anbia Hospital in Zahedan in the Year 2023

Maryam Ziaei; Ali Dah Madeh Ei; Alireza Bahmani

doi:10.18502/ajs.v7i4.17466

Maryam Ziaei Department of Emergency Medicine, Khatam Al Anbia Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
Ali Dah Madeh Ei General Surgery Resident, Department of Surgery, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Alireza Bahmani Department of Emergency Medicine, Khatam Al Anbia Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ajs.v7i4.17466

Keywords: CT Scan, Multiple Traumas, Abdominal Contrast

Abstract

Background: Despite the importance of this issue, the evidence-based indications for CT scans in chest trauma have not been widely investigated. This study examines the frequency of CT scan findings with abdominal contrast in multiple trauma patients referred to the emergency department of Khatam Al Anbia Hospital in Zahedan in 2023.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 on 191 patients who referred to the emergency department of Khatam Al-Anbia Hospital in Zahedan with complaints of multiple traumas and underwent contrast CT scans of the abdomen. Sampling was easy and accessible. Data collection was done by observing the results of CT scan reports of the patients. Data were analyzed after coding in SPSS.22 software using tests and chi-square.

Results: The average age of the patients was 44.87 ± 20.02 years, with a range of 15 to 89 years. In terms of age distribution, 24 people (12.6%) were under 20 years old, 64 people (33.5%) were 21 to 40 years old, and 103 people (53.9%) were over 41 years old. In terms of gender distribution, 79 people were women (41.4%) and 112 people (58.6%) were men. The most common abnormal findings were fractures in bone fragments in 35 cases (18.3%), kidney damage in 28 cases (14.6%), and liver hematoma and free intra-abdominal fluid in 18 cases (9.4%). The chi-square test showed that the findings of CT scans are significantly different according to age (P=0.039), mechanism of trauma (P=0.043), and type of clinical complaint (P=0.046).

Conclusions: The present study showed that in terms of age, normal findings are more common in individuals under 20 years old than in other age groups, and fractures in bone fragments are more common in people over 40 years old than in other age groups. In traffic accidents, the most common findings are fractures in bone fragments, while in fights, the most common findings are related to kidney damage. In clinical complaints with blood in the urine, the most common findings are related to rupture of the spleen and kidney damage, and in complaints of abdominal pain and distension, the most common findings are related to free fluid inside the abdomen and rupture of the spleen. These results can be effective in decision-making and diagnosis.