Association of Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Aortic Cross-Clamp Durations with ICU Length of Stay in Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Retrospective Study at Nasiriya Heart Center

Authors

  • Hussein Ali Hussein Department of Anesthesia, College of Health and Medical Technologies, Alayen Iraqi University, Thi-Qar, Iraq.
  • Myasar Jasim Mohammed Department of General Surgery, College of Medicine, Diyala University, Diyala, Iraq.
  • Qusay Abdulazahra Yaqoob Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Kufa, Al-Kufa Street, Najaf, Iraq.
  • Mohammed AbdulZahra Sasaa Department of Anesthesia, College of Health and Medical Techniques, Al-Mustaqabal University, Hillah, Iraq.
  • Majid Fakhir Alhamaidah Department of Anesthesia, College of Health and Medical Technologies, Alayen Iraqi University, Thi-Qar, Iraq.
  • Hussein Alkhfaji Department of Anesthesia, College of Health and Medical Technologies, Alayen Iraqi University, Thi-Qar, Iraq.
  • Ammar Hoom Mahdi Department of Anesthesia, College of Health and Medical Techniques, University of Bilad Alrafidain, Diyala, Iraq.
  • Abbass Hussein Haydar Department of Anesthesia, College of Health and Medical Technologies, Alayen Iraqi University, Thi-Qar, Iraq.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18502/aacc.v12i6.22963

Keywords:

Cardiopulmonary bypass; Aortic cross-clamp; Cardiac surgery; Postoperative complications; Intensive care units

Abstract

Background: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and aortic cross-clamping are essential components of many cardiac surgical procedures. However, prolonged durations have been linked to adverse outcomes, including delayed recovery and increased intensive care unit (ICU) resource utilization. Understanding their impact is critical for improving perioperative management and optimizing patient outcomes.

We aimed to assess how cardiopulmonary bypass time (CPBT) and aortic cross-clamp time (ACCT) affect the length of ICU stay in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery.

Methods: Our study was retrospective clinical study which conducted at Nasiriya Heart Center, Iraq, between September 2023 and September 2024. A total of 100 patients (aged 18–65 years) who underwent elective cardiac surgery were included. Demographic data, type of surgery, admission and discharge dates, and intraoperative variables (CPBT and ACCT) were collected. Associations between CPBT, ACCT, and ICU stay were analysed by using suitable statistical approaches.

Results: Of the 100 patients, 47% were male and 53% female, with a mean age of 44 years. The mean CPBT was 112.6 ± 44.2 minutes, and the mean ACCT was 69.0 ± 34.5 minutes. Gender showed no significant effect on ICU stay. In contrast, both prolonged CPBT and ACCT were significantly associated with longer ICU stays (P = 0.047 and P = 0.005, respectively).

Conclusion: Extended CPBT and ACCT are significant predictors of prolonged ICU stay after cardiac surgery. Strategies to minimize intraoperative times may help reduce postoperative ICU occupancy and improve overall resource allocation in cardiac surgical care.

Published

2026-10-19

Issue

Volume (12) issue (6)

Section

Articles